Saturday, August 18, 2012

There Is Snake Oil In Them Words


An article published in the Washington Post on August 15, 2012; written by Glenn Hubbard and Kevin Hassett has the title: “Obama inconsistent on pace of economic recovery”. The two authors are economic advisers to Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney. What they do in the article is play a version of the “Heads I win; tails you lose” game. Come to think of it, this is an appropriate game for economists to play because money is their game, and because economists hold opinions so sharply opposite to each other, they cover the whole landscape, thus create a vast menu from which to cherry pick what they want when they want it.

And this is what Hubbard and Hassett do in the article. But before we look at how they maneuver their way to the end, let us look at the last two paragraphs where they put forth the exaltation about them winning either way. The essential argument contained in the two paragraphs is shown here in a single paragraph: “If … the Reinhart and Rogoff analysis is correct, then the White House should … stop calling for marginal hikes in tax rates … If the president wants to continue claiming that the … Reinhart and Rogoff's results do not explain the slow recovery of the U.S. economy … [he should concede] that the more likely explanation is the failure of his own policies.”

Now, how do they get to this point? Well, the first thing they do is remind the readers what the president has said which is: “that recoveries after financial crises are always slow.” They agree with this notion, but do so with a caveat: “Carmen Reinhart and Kenneth Rogoff documented this … But their study ... cannot be used as a logical explanation for the economic policies advanced by the administration.”

And because you want to know why they say so, they tell you why: “Michael Bordo … and Joseph Haubrich … concluded … that, contrary to the findings of Reinhart and Rogoff, recessions stemming from financial crises in the United States tended to be followed by faster recoveries.” Aren't they lovely, these economists when they contradict each other! But are we supposed to be surprised by that?

Our two authors, Hubbard and Hassett, now start to work on setting the gotcha trap. They do it this way: “The president's … campaign rhetoric is inconsistent with the analysis of his own economic team.” Well, does this mean, we should be surprised? They don't bother answering the question but they go on to say that shortly after taking office, Obama projected a 4.6 percent growth for the GDP. That was then and this is now you say, but they shout: Aha, look here. And they point to something else they want you to know about: “Even today, Obama is implicitly declaring that we are doomed to a slow recovery for five more years – the administration's estimates call for GDP growth climbing to 4.1 percent in 2015.” Are we caught in semantics about what constitutes a fast recovery or a slow one?

They do not clarify this point but go on to give a lecture as to when a Keynesian stimulus is most effect and when it is not. This is followed by the last two paragraphs where they claim to have won the argument either way. Not satisfied with any of this, you wonder how much the two believe in what they say. Knowing that they advise the campaign of Mitt Romney, you seek to find out what they are telling their candidate. You unearth this from the foreword that Hubbard wrote for the “Mitt Romney's Plan for Jobs and Economic Growth.”

Attributing the thought to Nobel laureate Robert Lucas, Hubbard says this: “even slight increases in growth rates, when accumulated over time, have an overwhelming impact on quality of life.” Well, it seems that he is not so obsessed about the rate of growth that it can be said his concern is real. In fact, it even looks like he harbors a concern of another kind. Look at this passage: “To bring the unemployment rate back to its pre-financial-crisis level by the end of next president's first term would require real GDP growth averaging 4 percent per year over that period. That is an aggressive goal.” Considering that this was written a year ago, Hubbard is giving himself five years to attain this goal which is a modest one by his own standard. But that's not what he says now as he hedges his bet by warning that it is an aggressive goal.

And he has a good reason for wanting to hedge his bet. It is that he knows the problem is a structural one, and it is deeply entrenched. Look what he says: “the crisis years of 2008 and 2009 pulled back the curtain on a problem: economic growth had been slowing. U.S. GDP growth has averaged 3.3 percent over the past 50 years. But in the 2002-07 period … that growth averaged just 2.6 percent.” Well, this is not too far from what we have now. Does it not mean that Obama has brought the economy back to the pre-financial-crisis level?

Still, Hubbard does not stop here. He goes on to say: “And many economists argue that we are in a growth downdraft, where deleveraging and an aging population limit growth.” In other words he agrees with the economists he berated in his Washington Post article. Also, in using the word “deleveraging” he admits that the problem is essentially a financial one; something he mocked the President for. But like the President, he points to what he has called an “excuse” to tell why he may not be able to do better should Romney win the election, and he is called upon to run the economy.

And guess what he does after that. He uses the words of the same old economists to erect a wall against which he liens so as to stay on his feet but also to cover his back. Here is how he does that: “Some economists speak of a 'new normal' of growth of at most 2 percent per year for an extended period of time. At that rate, joblessness will remain high.” Yes, he stays on his feet for now, and he prepares for the day when he might have to say: But I did tell you that 2 percent was the best we can do, and joblessness was going to remain high. After all – get this now, my friend –: “Getting economic policy right is not just about GDP numbers.” What? Say that again, Glen! Not just about GDP numbers?

Well, dear reader, contrast this with the way that he mocked Obama in his Washington Post article: “In other words, according to the excuse narrative, even though the Obama stimulus was brilliant and timely, it could not deliver a normal recovery because the financial crisis made that impossible.”

And what is Glen Hubbard's excuse for allowing himself to be caught with his pants down? Gotcha!